Aim:
To assess the feasibility of telehealth-delivered pelvic floor muscle training for patients with incontinence after gynaecological cancer surgery.
Design:
Pre-post single cohort clinical trial.
Methods:
Women with urinary and/or faecal incontinence after gynaecological cancer surgery underwent a 12-week physiotherapist-supervised telehealth-delivered pelvic floor muscle training program. The intervention involved seven videoconference sessions with real-time feedback from an intravaginal biofeedback device, and a daily home exercise program using a mobile app. Feasibility outcomes included the proportion of eligible patients recruited, attendance at videoconference sessions, and adherence to the home exercise program. Participant satisfaction and acceptability was rated on a 7-point scale ranging from 1=very unsatisfied/very unacceptable to 7=very satisfied/very acceptable.
Clinical outcomes were assessed at baseline, immediately post-intervention and at three-months follow-up using the ICIQ-UI-SF, the ICIQ-B and the intravaginal biofeedback device. Means and 95%CIs were analysed using bootstrapping methods.
Results:
A total of 63 women were eligible, of which 39 (62%) consented to the study. Three participants did not complete baseline outcome measures and were not enrolled in the trial. Of the 36 participants who enrolled in the trial, 32 (89%) received the intervention. The majority (n=30, 94%) demonstrated high engagement, attending at least six videoconference sessions. Adherence was moderate, with 24 participants (75%) completing five-to-seven pelvic floor muscle training sessions per week during the intervention. Three months after intervention, 24 participants (77%) rated the videoconference sessions 'very acceptable',14 (44%) rated the intravaginal sensor 'very acceptable', and 25 (78%) reported doing regular PFMT.
All clinical outcome measures improved immediately post-intervention, however the magnitudes of these improvements were small. At three-months follow-up, improvements were sustained for prevalence, ICIQ-UI-SF and ICIQ-B domains but not PFM outcomes.
Conclusion:
Telehealth-delivered pelvic floor muscle training is a feasible and acceptable option to treat incontinence after gynaecological cancer surgery. Large randomised controlled trials are warranted to investigate clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.