Aims:
To investigate pelvic floor disorders, physical activity levels (PA) and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) in patients undergoing hysterectomy for gynaecological cancer, and to identify changes in pelvic floor disorders, HRQoL and PA before and after surgery.
Methods:
Longitudinal study of patients undergoing hysterectomy for gynaecological cancer. Outcomes were assessed at baseline (pre-surgery symptoms), 6-weeks and 3-months post-surgery using the ISI, PFDI-20 and FSFI, IPAQ-7 and EORTC-QLQ-C30. Changes over time were analysed using linear mixed models, and generalised estimating equations.
Results:
Of 277 eligible patients, 126 consented to participate. The majority had stage 1 cancer (62%) and the most common cancer was endometrial cancer (69%). The prevalence of urinary incontinence was 66% pre-surgery and 59% 3-months post-surgery, while the prevalence of faecal incontinence was 12% pre-surgery and 14% 3-months post-surgery, these differences were not statistically significant. However, there was a significant decrease in the prevalence of pelvic floor symptoms (PFDI-20 MD=-14%; 95%CI -23,-5) and urogenital symptoms (UDI-6 subdomain MD=-20%; 95%CI -31,-9). The incidences of new urinary and faecal incontinence 3-months post-surgery were 10% and 8% respectively. Three-months post-surgery, 42% of participants reported sexual activity compared to 27% pre-surgery (p=0.003). The prevalence of dyspareunia was high in those who attempted penetrative intercourse both pre-surgery (n=11/17) and 3-months post-surgery (n=11/20). Only 39% of the participants met PA guidelines pre-surgery, increasing significantly to 53% 3-months post-surgery (p=0.020). EORTC-QLQ C30 global health status/QoL domain scores did not change significantly from pre-surgery (M=64.8/100; 95%CI 61.2,68.4) to 3-months post-surgery (M=69.4/100; 95%CI 65.6,73.2)(MD 4.6; 95%CI -0.6,9.8).
Conclusions:
Patients with gynaecological cancer experienced high rates of pelvic floor disorders before and after hysterectomy. New cases of urinary and faecal incontinence developed between pre-surgery and 3-months post-surgery. Physical activity increased significantly, and HRQoL did not change significantly over this time. Clinicians working with gynaecology-oncology patients undergoing hysterectomy may want to consider screening and providing treatment options for pelvic floor disorders.