Aim
Sleep quality commonly deteriorates in women receiving chemotherapy for early breast cancer (BC). We sought to determine the feasibility and acceptability of telehealth delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) in women with early BC receiving (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods
In this multi-centre, single arm, phase 2 feasibility trial, women with stage I to III BC received 4 sessions of telehealth CBT-I over 8 weeks, during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy. CBT-I was delivered by psychologists and started before cycle 2 chemotherapy. Participants completed Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and other patient reported outcome measures (PROM) (FACT-B, FACT-F, HADS, Distress Thermometer) at baseline, post-program (week 9) and post-chemotherapy (week 24); and an Acceptability Questionnaire at week 9. Bedtime, awake-time, use of steroids and rescue sleep medications were recorded. Primary endpoint was proportion of women completing 4 sessions of telehealth CBT-I.
Results
41 participants were recruited: mean age 51 years (range 31-73). All 4 CBT-I sessions were completed by 35 (85%) participants. Of 31 participants completing the post-program questionnaire, 74% reported ‘the program was useful’, 83% ‘would recommend the program to others’ and 66% believed ‘the program was generally effective’. There was no significant difference in the number of poor sleepers (PSQI score ≥5) at baseline 29/40 (73%) and week 24 17/25 (68%); or in the mean PSQI score at baseline (7.43, SD 4.06) and week 24 (7.48, SD 4.41). From baseline to week 24, 7/25 (28%) participants had a ≥3 point improvement in sleep quality on PSQI, and 5/25 (20%) had a ≥3 point deterioration. There was no significant difference in mean PROM scores.
Conclusion
It is feasible to deliver telehealth CBT-I to women with early BC receiving chemotherapy. Sleep quality did not deteriorate, as predicted from the literature, and for most, sleep quality was unchanged. Telehealth CBT-I has a potential role in preventing and managing sleep disturbance during chemotherapy.