Aims: Co-blockade of LAG-3 improves the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 treatment in advanced melanoma patients. We present updated efficacy data for poor prognosis patients from three Phase 1 expansion cohorts with advanced melanoma: anti-PD-(L)1/systemic treatment-naïve (cohorts 6 and 15); previously exposed to adjuvant/neoadjuvant systemic treatment, including anti-PD-1 (cohort 16).
Methods: Patients with advanced melanoma were treated with fianlimab 1600 mg plus cemiplimab 350 mg intravenously Q3W for 12 months, with a further 12 months if clinically indicated (NCT03005782). Tumor measurements were assessed by RECIST 1.1 every 6 weeks for 24 weeks, then every 9 weeks.
Results: 40 patients each in cohorts 6 and 15, and 18 patients in cohort 16, were enrolled and treated (N=98; Nov 1, 2022 data cutoff). In the adjuvant/neoadjuvant setting, 24% of patients had received prior systemic treatment for melanoma, including 15% with prior exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Median follow up: 12.6 months; median treatment duration: 33 weeks. Overall ORR (N=98) was 61%, and among patients with prior ICI (n=15) was 60%. In patients with LDH>ULN (n=32), ORR, DCR, and mDOR were 53%, 72%, and NR (95% CI: 7–NE), respectively. In patients with liver metastases at baseline (n=21), ORR, DCR, and mDOR were 43%, 57%, and 9 months (95% CI: 3–NE), respectively. In patients with any M1c disease and LDH>ULN at baseline (n=17), ORR, DCR, mDOR were 35%, 59%, and NR (95% CI: 6–NE), respectively. Overall, 44% of patients reported grade ≥3 TEAEs and 33% reported serious TEAEs.
Conclusions: Fianlimab plus cemiplimab showed high activity in patients with advanced melanoma and poor prognosis features at baseline; ORR and DCR observed compare positively with available data for approved ICI combinations in the same clinical setting. A Phase 3 trial (NCT05352672) of fianlimab plus cemiplimab in treatment-naïve advanced melanoma patients is ongoing.