Aims
Cancer treatment for AYA can be highly challenging and interfere with optimal nutrition, which is vital for healthy development, physical growth and well-being. Cancer malnutrition and associated negative outcomes are well-studied in adult and paediatric populations, but the distinct nutritional complications and requirements for AYA with cancer are poorly understood. This mixed methods study aims to explore and investigate the nutritional status, needs and outcomes of AYA after cancer diagnosis.
Methods
AYA (aged 15-25 years) diagnosed with cancer at three tertiary adult and paediatric health services will be recruited to a longitudinal observational study. Eligible patients will be within 6-weeks of cancer diagnosis or relapse and undergoing active cancer treatment. Study assessments will be undertaken at four time-points (recruitment, and 2- 4- and 6-months post-recruitment) and include screening for nutrition risk (PNST or MST); assessment of nutritional status (PG-SGA, mid-upper arm circumference); assessment of muscle strength (hand-grip strength); frequency of dietitian referral, nutrition support, and symptoms; and assessment of health-related quality of life (AQOL-6D). The statistical analysis will be primarily descriptive, and effect size estimates (Cohen’s d) will be used to characterise any differences between nutritional status groups at follow-up assessments. During the study period, focus groups will be conducted with a cohort of AYA to explore in-depth their nutrition needs and experiences after a cancer diagnosis. Focus groups will also be conducted with AYA health professionals to explore their opinions regarding nutrition support requirements for AYA with cancer.
Results
The six-month recruitment period commenced in July 2023, and preliminary results will be available in November 2023.
Conclusions
This multi-site longitudinal study will explore and describe the nutritional status, needs and nutrition-related outcomes of AYA after a cancer diagnosis. Results will inform future clinical practice guidelines, and interventional nutrition research targeting patients identified at greater risk of nutritional complications.